| (Introduction and Overview) |
| 19.1 Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Databases | |
| 19.2 Distributed Data Storage | |
| - 19.2.1 Data Replication |
| - 19.2.2 Data Fragmentation |
| - Horizontal Fragmentation |
| - Vertical Fragmentation |
| - 19.2.3 Transparency |
| - Fragmentation Transparency |
| - Replication Transparency |
| - Location Transparency |
| 19.3 Distributed Transactions | |
| - 19.3.1 System Structure |
| - 19.3.2 System Failure Modes |
| 19.4 Commit Protocols | |
| - 19.4.1 Two-Phase Commit |
| - 19.4.2 Three-Phase Commit |
| - 19.4.3 Alternative Models of Transaction Processing |
| - Persistent Messaging |
| - Workflows |
| 19.5 Concurrency Control in Distributed Databases | |
| 19.5.1 Locking Protocols |
| - Single Lock-Manager Approach |
| - Distributed Lock Manager |
| - Primary Copy |
| - Majority Protocol |
| - Biased Protocol |
| - Quorum Consensus Protocol |
| 19.5.2 Timestamping |
| 19.5.3 Replication with Weak Degrees of Consistency |
| - Master-Slave Replication |
| - Multimaster Replication |
| 19.5.4 Deadlock Handling in Distributed Databases |
| 19.6 Availability | |
| - 19.6.1 Majority-Based Approach |
| - 19.6.2 Read One, Write All Available Approach |
| - 19.6.3 Site Reintegration |
| - 19.6.4 Comparison with Remote Backup |
| - 19.6.5 Coordinator Selection |
| - Backup Coordinator |
| - Election Algorithms |
| - Bully Algorithm |
| - 19.6.6 Trading Off Consistency for Availability |
| - CAP Theorem |
| - BASE Properties |
| 19.7 Distributed Query Processing | |
| - 19.7.1 Query Transformation |
| - 19.7.2 Simple Join Processing |
| - 19.7.3 Semijoin Strategy |
| - 19.7.4 Join Strategies that Exploit Parallelism |
| 19.8 Heterogeneous Distributed Databases | |
| - 19.8.1 Unified View of Data |
| - 19.8.2 Query Processing |
| - Wrappers |
| - Mediator Systems |
| - 19.8.3 Transaction Management in Multidatabases |
| 19.9 Cloud-Based Databases | |
| - 19.9.1 Data Storage Systems on the Cloud |
| - Data Representation |
| - JSON |
| - Partitioning and Retrieving Data |
| - Tablets |
| - Transactions and Replication |
| - 19.9.2 Traditional Databases on the Cloud |
| - 19.9.3 Challenges with Cloud-Based Databases |
| 19.10 Directory Systems | |
| - 19.10.1 Directory Access Protocols |
| - 19.10.2 LDAP: Lightweight Directory Access Protocol |
| - Data Model |
| - Data Manipulation |
| - Distributed Directory Trees |
